Short Shots: This occurs when the mold cavity is not filled completely. The result is a part that is smaller than intended and lacks the necessary features.

Voids: These are empty spaces within the part that can weaken its structural integrity.

Flash: This is excess material that seeps out of the mold cavity and forms a thin layer around the part. Flash can result in a part that doesn’t meet the required specifications and requires additional processing to remove the excess material. It is important to consider the tonnage of an injection molding machine to prevent tons of flash from occurring during the molding process.

Sink Marks: These are depressions in the surface of the part that occur when the outer layer solidifies before the inner material. Sink marks can affect the aesthetic quality of the part and may also weaken its structure, shape of the part. It is important to note that sink marks can be as small as a few thousandths of an inch, but they can also be several inches in diameter, depending on the size and shape of the part.